A challenging diagnosis of rare co-existent multiple myeloma and prostate adenocarcinoma: a systematic review of case reports

Objective: To review biochemical parameters, clinical characteristics, demographics, radiological and histopathological findings, treatment modalities outcomes used to examine patients with coexisting multiple myeloma prostate adencocarcinoma. Method: The systematic comprised search on PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct the Directory of Open Access Journal databases for case reports published till June 1, 2022. was done in line Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses guidelines using appropriate key words. Case included were those dealing exclusively human subjects, English language had free, full-text, public access. Quality assessment Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist Reports. Data extracted evaluated demographic, diagnostic parameters. Results: Of 515 studies initially identified, 5(0.97%) analysed; all males mean age 68.6 years (SD= 10.78). most common symptom reported at presentation low back pain 3(60%), Osteolytic lesions seen 4(80%) imaging elevated surface antigen levels. Anaemia found 3(60%) 2(40%) thrombocytopenia. Conclusion: Multiple adenocarcinoma can coexist although it is rare. Awareness regarding possible coexistence two prominent cancer types may further help clinicians during their practice considering as a differential diagnosis when encountered having osteolytic bony along levels prostate-specific antigen.